篇一：《奥赛罗》读后感
读《奥赛罗》有感
《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一。小说以主人公名字命名，简明而不乏独特。故事讲述的是：奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄梦娜相爱。但由于他是黑人，婚事未被允许。两人只好私下成婚。奥赛罗手下有一个阴险的旗官伊阿古，一心想除掉奥赛罗。他先是向元老告密，不料却促成了两人的婚事。他又挑拨奥赛罗与苔丝狄梦娜的感情，说另一名副将凯西奥与苔丝狄梦娜关系不同寻常，并伪造了所谓定情信物等。奥赛罗信以为真，在愤怒中掐死了自己的妻子。当他得知真相后，悔恨之余拔剑自刎，倒在了苔丝狄梦娜身边。
前苏联对莎士比亚的研究中形成了对《奥赛罗》的独特解释，这种解释深刻地揭示了这一伟大悲剧的人道主义实质。
《奥赛罗》集中表现了奸人挑唆下发生的家庭悲剧。忠贞的爱情和残忍的嫉妒同时强烈地体现于奥赛罗一身。而阿古伪装诚实，利用奥赛罗的轻信而极尽损人利己之能事，也是原始积累时期的一种典型人物。
主人公奥赛罗的性格，正直、勇敢、单纯抑或易怒与轻信他人。奥赛罗的最大缺点在于自卑，若不是自卑，他无须在伊阿古的几句挑唆后便怀疑自己的妻子。他自卑于自己的肤色、形象、年龄，他自己其实觉得自己是配不上苔丝狄蒙娜的，他甚至觉得自己不如凯西奥，才会对他有一种难以言喻的害怕。
关于《奥赛罗》一剧的评论，据知早在十七世纪下半叶，英国就
有人热情肯定此剧：“从诗行与剧情，特别是从剧情来看，它是一出很好的戏”，主要人物“描绘得好”；“诱惑的场面”卓越地显示了伊阿古恶人的“癖性”??对于主角奥赛罗的看法通常有两种：他是位坚强博大和灵魂高尚的英雄；其所以杀害爱妻，只是由于轻信，尤其是奸谗者伊阿古过于狡猾所致；另一种是奥赛罗并不那么高尚，而是个自我意识很强和性格有缺陷的人；他是急急不能待地就听信了伊阿古，责任在他本人。
全剧贯串着忌恶与猜疑，巧计连环，将人性中的狡诈与昏愚一面，发挥殆尽。把伊阿古这一人间恶魔的缩影昭然在剧院舞台上，在书斋卷帙间，飞扬跋扈、称王称霸地呈现在人们眼前。莎士比亚写成的这部惨怛得惊人的悲剧，引起了人们哀痛的深思；提醒善良的人们，在生活中必须对伊阿古这样的恶魔提高应有的警惕!
假如一个人素来疑心妻子不忠实，受过很大的刺激，一定比寻常人更能了解剧中奥赛罗的痛苦。苔丝狄蒙娜并不了解奥塞罗，她喜欢奥塞罗的理由很简单，她喜欢他讲述那些颇具传奇性的经历，一句话她只喜欢一个浪漫的理想。而奥塞罗有点明白自己的妻子为什么喜欢自己，或者说他对自己妻子的爱本来就不放心，在这种情况下他对苔丝狄蒙娜又爱又恨又怕。最终，伊阿古只是起了一个导火索的作用，将这种虚假的、毫无信任的、不牢固的爱情炸个粉碎，而真正具有爆炸力的火药却在奥塞罗和苔丝狄蒙娜的身上。由此看来这出悲剧倒有些主人公咎由自取的味道，可能是这种惩罚太重了——以男女主人公的死而结束，所以才有了很强的悲剧色彩。
根据历史资料，在中世纪中期以及末期，欧洲妇女的“大错和罪状主要有：虚荣，骄傲，贪婪，滥交，贪吃，酗酒，脾气坏，用情不专等”，“妇女必须被排除在正式、公开场合之外，不能担任法官或者行使任何权利，不能参与 议会或者公开集会，必须献身家庭。优秀妇女热爱并服侍丈夫，养育子女”。这表明，伊丽莎白时代的女性并不 享有泰丝德蒙娜在第二幕第一场，或者第四幕第一场在公共场所与凯西奥等人自由谈笑，或者参与公共活动的权利。其实，即使在二十世纪初，欧洲上层社会的妇女一般也并不能自由出入公众场合，更不要说有公开发表任何言论的特权。在正常情况下，泰丝德蒙娜在整个剧中都不可能具备参与任何公共活动和发表言论的权利。 而在伊丽莎白时代，“非洲人是早期英格兰人数最多，也是最显眼的异化民族，每日都是伦敦街头一景， 参与了各种形式的文化展览”。但是，在欧洲文艺复兴这个空前展现人类文明的特殊时期，欧洲女性当时尚 不能登台演出，她们一般是由男演员化装而来。因此，地位比欧洲女性还低下的非洲人，即使是这个时代“最显眼的异化民族”，也不可能真正登上英格兰舞台的边缘，它在英格兰的存在只能通过盎格鲁－撒克逊民族被间接地表现出来，而对异族的描写向来充满局限性。通过刻画奥赛罗———异化种族中的优秀分子，莎士比亚意在抨击当时的英国主流社会对于异化民族乃至“下等人群”的不公平。
篇二：源于嫉妒的毁灭——《奥赛罗》1000字英语读后感;Destruction Resulted from Jealousy - Othello
Destruction Resulted from Jealousy
— The Tragedy Analysis on Othello
Among all Shakespeare’s works, the four great tragedies represent the best of his artistic attainments.Many literary critics regard Othello as the peak of his tragedies, and it is deserved.The story is named after the name ofprotagonist, simple but full of distinction. After reading the story, there are much feelings in my heart.
Othello, a young noble general ofVenice Duchy, promoted Cassio as his lieutenant. Then Iago, who is hoping for the promotion but fails, makes plots against Cassio and Othello to take revenge. On the other hand, Othello has secretly married Desdemona, the beautiful daughter of Venetian senator Brabantio, and Iago determines to use Desdemona as the means of his revenge. Othello believes Iago’s tricks so that he kills his wife by his own hand. In the end of the play, he finds that he has murdered his pure beloved wife by mistake, he cannot face himself and stabs himself full of guilt and dies beside Desdemona.Obviously, Othello is a tragic play, and the personality traits of the characters lead to the tragedy.
In Shakespeare’s play Othello, Othello is a Moor with an honest, kind and open mind, an all-powerful hero on the battlefield. However it is the character that was made use of by Iago, leading to the credulity tragedy of murder and suicide. Although some people comment that this tragedy results from treacherous Iago who was full of ambition and inner jealousy, in fact, in the tragedy of Othello, Iago is not the only reason. He is created for the objective conditions, and the real development comes from the hero.
Firstly, Othello always has an inferiority complex due to his black race. Though he has been promoted as a noble general, his inferior and fragile mind has never disappeared. Deep in his mind, Othello is inferior in skin color, image and age, and he actually felt that he was not worthy of Desdemona. When Othello was told that his wife is having a love affair with Cassio, whom he felt inferior to, he had an indefinable fear. Such fear pulls out his inferiority and steals away his rations.
Second, Othello is too credulous of other people. If he hadn’t believed in the words of Iago that his wife was having a love affair with some other people, the tragedy of jealousy would not have happened. And the marriage with Desdemona is so happy that he believes the world is good. He cannot imagine Iago is such an evil who envies his wife’s beauty and is very angry and hates him due to a promotion, which is unfair in his eye. Therefore, Iago deliberately spread rumors trying to take his revenge, which Othello did not perceive. On the contrary, Othello thought Iago an honorable man since Iago behaved in a hesitant manner to disclose the “truth” to him, looking like a righteous man from the heart. The tragedy is rooted in Othello’s character, too credulous and blind to the social evils.
Furthermore, Othello is a man with ―male chauvinism‖. When he was provoked by Iago, he began to doubt his wife’s honesty immediately. In his view, wife’s derailment is shameful, heinous, hurting his big man’s self-esteem. Even if it is only a rumor, he also cannot wait to ask to find evidence from his true love. It is rather his male chauvinism than so much trust in Iago. In his view, wife’s derailment is shameful, heinous, hurting his big man’s self-esteem. Even if it is only a rumor, he also cannot wait to ask to find evidence.When he found his handkerchief used as engagement pledge in Cassio’s room and suspected his wife’s infidelity,
it is understandable and justifiable. But when he went into Iago’s trap, saw the expressions and mouths of Cassio and Iago when they were talking, Othello thus concluded that Cassio was having an affair with his wife Desdemona. This can be entirely based on his own guess. Othello is driven by his self-esteem so that Iago’s instigation is able to immediately work. In fact, Othello had an opportunity to know the truth, say, to have conversation with Desdemona when they were in the bedroom, but he did not. On the contrary, he kept insulting his wife as a ―whore‖ and wantonly humiliated her face just because he feared that the truth was the same as his own guess. If his guess was true, his honor and pride would be gone.
Another drawback of Othello is his violent personality and impulsiveness, which ultimately causes the tragedy. After marriage, Othello looked like a tamed lion, but that does not mean he was to get rid of the lion’s nature. When he was stimulated, he would fly into a rage, consuming everything around him. So, when he saw Iago pause in his words, he encouraged Iago to honestly tell him the truth, though with the worst words to say what he thought of the worst things. In fact, Othello’s body and mind was deep with an evil force, but previously it was only suppressed by the sweetness of love, and when he was told his wife having an affair with others, he decided that ―I’ll see before I doubt;when I doubt,prove;and on the proof, there is no more but this, away at once with love or jealousy!‖ It can be seen that Othello’s destructive force is very strong, once it is free of the shackles of reason, the consequences would be disastrous. Unluckily, Othello is a man lack of intellectual thinking, just believing in Iago’s one-sided words and thus beginning to suspect his wife. When he saw his wife and his men meet, that handkerchief used as engagement pledge was in Cassio’s hand, he
jumped to the conclusion that his wife was involved in infidelity and thus decided to her. The dying Desdemona asked him to listen to her explanation, or to find Cassio confront, but at that time, Othello, full of jealousy, did not give Desdemona the chance to explain, but pulled his anger out, ultimately killed his beautiful innocent wife and led to the tragedy.
Generally speaking, Othello is not only a tragedy of family, but also a tragedy of love. Jealous psychology of the characters ultimately leads to the tragedy. Many believes that the evil Iago is responsible for the whole tragedy, but it is actually a closely related causal cycle. Iago being jealous of Cassio and Othello, he slandered and entrapped Cassio and Desdemona, which directly brought about Othello’s tragedy. Othello’s true love to Desdemona was utilized by Iago who had ulterior motive. Driven by jealousy, Othello readily believed Iago, and personally killed his own wife, and eventually drew his sword to cut his own throat. Therefore, the tragedy in Othello is largely rooted in the weakness of personality traits – jealousy.
The characters of Othello and Desdemona portrayed by Shakespeare as tragic ones are apparently an exaggeration.In thereal world, it happens that love is ruined by deliberate traps of other vicious people, as well as distrust between couples themselves. Lovers’ eyes are usually blinded by one-side words and arbitrary guesses. They do not dare to prove simply because they are afraid that rumors are true. Truth will only came out when relationship is destroyed or when lovers suffer a lot from each other’s impulsiveness. It seems that the Othello has only himself to blame, however,in the end of the play, the death of the beloved couple made the whole story rather mournful and miserable.
A conclusion may be drawn that Othello, whose destruction is out of jealousy, is not only a typical character which Shakespeare has created for us, but also conveys a universal moral meaning on human love and psychological behavior.It is intended not only to highlight the destruction brought about by jealousy, but also create the criterion of value in people’s mind.
篇三：莎士比亚-奥赛罗-读书笔记
故事梗概：
赛尔将军奥赛罗与苔丝狄蒙娜相爱而秘密成婚。身份尊贵的贵族苔丝狄蒙娜决定不顾父亲的禁令委身相随。但在同一时间，旗官伊阿古因自己梦寐以求的职位被奥赛罗给了凯西奥，又妒忌凯西奥能被赏赐，所以他决意用奸计同时谋害奥赛罗与凯西奥来作出报复。 他设计使凯西奥触犯军纪被撤职，又鼓动苔丝狄蒙娜去求情。他利用了奥赛罗的妒忌，以巧妙的暗示和诬蔑中伤的手段使奥赛罗怀疑爱妻与凯西奥有私情。伊阿古假装自己是为了奥赛罗好，而不断暗示奥赛罗的妻子苔丝狄蒙娜不贞。他暗指苔丝狄蒙娜跟凯西奥有不轨之情，却又立即伪装。一天，苔丝狄蒙娜不小心遗忘了一条奥赛罗赠送的手帕，被伊阿古放到凯西奥房里，便成了加害苔丝狄蒙娜的罪名，苔丝狄蒙娜不贞的证据。奥赛罗认定妻子不贞，将她亲手掐死。伊阿古的妻子随即揭发了这个阴谋，奥赛罗痛悔不已，拔剑自杀，倒在苔丝狄蒙娜的尸体上。
第一幕
从海上征战回来的将军奥赛罗。奥赛罗偕同新婚夫人苔丝狄蒙娜并宣布了他的胜利。一位威尼斯绅士罗德利果，暗恋着奥赛罗的妻子苔丝狄蒙娜，而仆人伊阿古则忌妒刚被奥赛罗提拔为副官的凯西奥，他把凯西奥灌醉，教唆罗德利果挑衅他，结果俩人大打出手。前任总督出来劝架，凯西奥不慎伤了他。伊阿古即刻教罗德利果去报告奥赛罗，奥赛罗出来制止争斗，惩处凯西奥，免除其副官的职位。
第二幕
伊阿古建议凯西奥去拜托苔丝狄蒙娜向奥赛罗说情。伊阿古要挑起奥赛罗对妻子与凯西奥之间的猜忌看到凯西奥在恳请苔丝狄蒙娜为其说情，又见奥赛罗来到，阴险地撩起奥赛罗的猜疑与忌妒。奥赛罗在伊阿古的挑拨下见妻子来向他替凯西奥求情，苔丝掏出手帕掉落地上。爱米莉亚因随侍在旁顺手拾起，伊阿古私下强迫自己的妻子将手帕交给自己。奥赛罗强迫伊阿古提出自己妻子不忠的证据，伊阿古故意说，凯西奥在营房睡梦中思恋苔丝狄蒙娜的话。伊阿古却手帕已被凯西奥所拥有，奥泰罗发誓要报复。
第三幕
不知情的苔丝狄蒙娜仍在为凯西奥的复职求情，奥赛罗再生嫉愤，并要求看妻子的手帕，苔丝狄蒙娜说手帕放在房间里，又再次为凯西奥说情，奥赛罗激愤之下将妻子推倒，并口出恶言骂她是娼妇。伊阿古设计约凯西奥出来谈话，奥赛罗从旁窃听，伊阿古早已把那手帕放置在凯西奥身上，奥赛罗见两人在玩弄妻子的手帕，伊阿古故意让凯西奥聊些他与其女友的风流韵事，将笑声让奥赛罗听见，奥泰罗感觉自己被嘲笑。伊阿古则建议奥赛罗将她勒死于床上，说那正是她犯罪的地方，苔丝狄蒙娜与爱米莉亚从右边小门进场。凯西奥因升官而高兴，而苔丝狄蒙娜则因为奥赛罗粗暴的态度感到悲伤，爱米莉亚走上前来安慰她。奥赛罗看到妻子的哭泣，误以为她是舍不得离开凯西奥。
第四幕
苔丝狄蒙娜和伊阿古的夫人爱米莉亚相对而泣。苔丝狄蒙娜的行为，全被误解。她一面让爱米莉亚梳发，向艾米莉亚道晚安，向圣母作晚祷。睡眠中，奥赛罗轻声走进房间，吻醒了她。骂她是凯西奥的娼妇，厉声命令其准备赴死。苔丝狄蒙娜苦苦哀求饶恕，但奥赛罗铁心，不听其辩护，在床上勒死了她。爱米莉亚有预感地急急回来敲门，目睹这恐怖的场景急奔入室，然而已挽救不苔丝狄蒙娜的生命。爱米莉亚惊唤众人进来，奥泰罗指称妻子不贞，更以手帕为证。爱米莉亚听后讲明手绢是伊阿古从她那里得到的，伊阿古见势不好仓慌逃跑。奥赛罗明白妻子的忠贞，最后奥泰罗悲戚地拿起大刀，自杀于妻子的卧榻之侧。
奥赛罗
奥赛罗这一角色，或多或少是一个自私、偏狭、以自我为中心的人。正因为如此他才掉进了
流氓伊阿古设下的陷阱。有莎学论者认为，最终促成奥塞罗走上毁灭之路的，不是上述所谓的自私偏狭，而是他嫉妒心太重所致。自然，妒忌心深深地影响着奥赛罗的行为，年轻无辜的妻子毁于一旦。反过来，轻信则加重了他的妒忌心。同时，轻信是因为天真，更确切地说，是因为无知所致，而无知又反过来造成了他的天真，最终酿成他轻信的禀性，也最终加深了他的妒忌心，结果酿成了令人痛心的悲剧。是他禀性中自私偏狭的弱点起了最关键的作用。面对勃拉班修的恶毒的诬告，奥赛罗异常地平静，他毫不掩饰地承认：则是体现这些矛盾与冲突的一个统一体。奥赛罗的高尚品德使人景仰，而他性格弱点造成的悲剧又激起人的同情与怜悯。奥赛罗之所以成为一位伟岸英雄，除了他宽厚、单纯、生性坦白等本性富有魅力之外，还有～个最重要的原因，那就是他强烈的事业心和责任心。他对自己是“外乡人”、异族，与苔丝荻蒙娜是不平等的有清醒的认识，这是自始至终缠绕奥赛罗心底的一块心病。在对待苔丝荻蒙娜的问题上，他对自己的心病有自知之明，因而他是自私和偏狭的。他一直生活在一种与心上人不平等的阴影之中。奥赛罗的悲剧正是在于自私和偏狭使其所有的高贵品质都走向其反面，并最终导致其毁灭。奥赛罗的悲剧源于他那不被人知的脆弱---自卑。在种族歧视和等级偏见的社会背景下,有一颗脆弱的种子一直深埋在他的内心深处。尽管他拥有伟岸的身躯,无人能敌的英勇,让人心生敬畏的赫赫战功,然而他仍是一个低等的外族黑人。这种想法从来没有正大光明的表现出来,只是被那些属于他的光芒遮盖着,就像草木丛生的土地下一颗生锈的铁钉,不被察觉却义无返顾的存在着。
伊阿古
伊阿古是个非常狡猾的人，他集中了古往今来一切小人的特点。首先，他舌灿莲花，阿谀奉承。他极力迎逢讨好别人，以言语将长官、同僚捧上天际。正如伊阿古自己所说的，“恶魔往往利用他神圣的外表，引诱世人干最恶的罪行”。这样“正直”的一个人，作恶也是最容易的，因为他“正直”的外表使人们太容易地相信他。伊阿古长于嫉妒，善于记恨。一旦任何人做了不利于他的事情，此人的容貌将会永远地烙印在他心中，找到适当的机会便尽速将其去除，使之永远消失在眼前。善妒的他，仅仅因为没有被提升为副官就决定以邪恶的计划将凯西奥置于死地，他也嫉妒奥赛罗与苔丝狄蒙娜的深厚感情，工于心计，狡猾奸诈。他是个很高明的阴谋家，他知道开门见山、正面攻击诋毁凯西奥的效果，远不及吞吞吐吐好像有很大顾虑不愿讲不敢讲更为有力。他越是故意不讲，就越加引起奥赛罗的怀疑，就越容易使奥赛罗上钩，中了他的挑拨奸计。信奉极端的个人利己主义。他不相信任何人，也不把任何人当朋友，在他眼里只有永远的利益。在奥赛罗面前，他百般依顺地讨好，极力表示他对奥赛罗的忠心不二。在凯西奥面前，他也大肆夸耀凯西奥对军队的功劳。在他的观念里，他在社会潮流中翻滚的唯一宗旨，就是不择手段地除去所有防碍他升官的眼中钉。这样一个极端的利己主义者，没有牵挂，没有束缚，于是作恶也是放开手脚全力以赴的了。
苔丝狄蒙娜
她是一个悲剧的受害者。接受奥赛罗的手帕，则表明接受奥赛罗的异邦文化，从而成为被动的接受者，即被支配者。奥赛罗专门对手帕的特殊珍贵性做了说明。然而，苔丝狄蒙娜却没有特别珍爱这块手帕。她随意放置手帕，没有意识到这个爱情信物是她婚姻幸福的重要。最终手帕被爱米丽亚偷走交给丈夫伊阿古。这表明苔丝狄蒙娜有意或者无意识地拒绝成为被支配者，从这种意义上讲，她否定了奥赛罗的主宰权力。苔丝狄蒙娜从头至尾就根本不可能成为奥赛罗的被支配者。但是对奥赛罗的爱情让她对已经被伊阿古挑唆得几近疯狂，并且丧失理智的他毫无防范，最终用生命的代价使自己和所爱的人双双成为失败者。苔丝狄蒙娜最终还是无辜地死去了。虽然奥赛罗本身也许并没有男尊女卑的思想，但是当时社会普遍的轻视女性的观念却恰恰将她推入了绝境。
个人理解 要是看到奥赛罗的出身背景，直到将他彻底排除在主流社会之外，成为来自不为欧洲文明接纳的非洲野蛮部落的一员为止，目的是让他为了被同化，得到主流社会的认可而不断地奋勇作战，使他卓越的战功与他悲惨的结局形成鲜明对比。另一方面剧作家又有意抬高奥赛罗，夸大他的军事才能，让他通过浴血奋战取得与苔丝狄蒙娜相近的社会地位，为的是揭示在当时的社会环境中，一个下等人无论怎样奋斗，所获得的只能是与主流社会越来越格格不入，处境日益艰难，并且逐步走向绝望的复杂心理历程。可以说，在剧中奥赛罗不顾一切去捍卫国家领土时，却还要不时遭受下属甚至下人的藐视，是作者表面上激化两人的爱情矛盾，实则将爱情矛盾转化为更深层次的种族矛盾、社会矛盾，并以后者为催化剂加剧前者的悲剧性结局，推动故事向人性扭曲，最后产生极端畸变方向发展的必然结果。《奥赛罗》是一首诗，是一部多彩的、高贵的、和谐的音乐，是高贵人类的象征。但这里面仍然搀杂着丰厚的理想主义的成分，像奥赛罗那样单纯、热情、率直、正派的人，其性格中的优点往往发展成为某种走向反面的倾向。另一方面，奥赛罗身上也存在着某些自私、偏狭的缺点。事实并不完全是卞之琳先生所说的那样，“熄灭”苔丝荻蒙娜这盏光明之灯，是为了全人类。奥赛罗与苔丝狄蒙娜的悲剧，也从侧面反映了当时的妇女问题。苔丝狄蒙娜的悲剧命运也是千千万万妇女的命运。苔丝狄蒙娜的侍女爱米利娅曾为妇女的不平等待遇愤然地控诉道：好“的男人一两年里头也难得碰见一个。男人是一张胃，我们是一块肉；他们贪馋地把我们吞下去，吃饱了，就把我们呕出来。”
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