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用眼睁睁如何造句

来源:免费论文网 | 时间:2016-10-11 12:56:59 | 移动端:用眼睁睁如何造句

篇一:如何造句

造句,是目前小学生的一个重要项目。很多家长都感觉到对这个训练项目比较苦恼,要么是孩子无话可说,要么造出的句子干干巴巴,毫无看头。今天,给大家一些家庭指导的建议,希望能够对孩子们及家长们有一定的启发意义,万丈高楼平地起,抓好作文就必须从造句开始。

第1招:词语理解是重点

句子是由词语构成的,一个句子是由若干个有特定意义的词语组成。因此,要想写出好句子,必须要理解自己所运用的词语,能够准确理解所要运用词语的含义,包括其词性和感情色彩,才能够更加明晰地表达自己的意思。

01.

造句这个技能在训练上,需要三个多,即:多听、多思、多模仿。多听,就是要让孩子多见识好词好句,孩子们通过大量的阅读,当然包括课本阅读和课外阅读,让他们能够凭借大脑的“模糊识别功能,凭着语感去理解句子的意思、词语的含义。当我们要求他们造句时,他们才不会感觉到陌生而无从下手。

我多次在自己的推文中告诉各位:语文书就是范本,虽然我们对目前使用的语文书还有很多诟病,但是目前我们学习的这本教材如果能够发挥其优势,恰当地发挥好它的价值,这对于孩子们来说,是最直接的提升他们写作能力的方法。

例如:沪教版语文书第二册书中的第22课《蜘蛛织网》中的第一节:清晨,蜘蛛从身上抽出银闪闪的丝,在农庄的篱笆上织起网来。

教学时,我就充分抓住这个句子中的三个要素:谁,在哪里,干什么。这三个要素是组成一个完整句子的必要要素,缺一不可。而目前的练习题目当中,又

有些是属于按照”谁——在哪里——干什么“这样的句式来连词成句的。所以,让孩子充分认识到这三个要素构成完整句,是必要做的功课。下面写的是我在我课堂上指导孩子认识并学会如何说好一个完整句子的过程,家长朋友们可以在家里进行拓展性实践,应该会有借鉴意义。

步骤一:熟读这个句子

清晨,蜘蛛从身上抽出银闪闪的丝,在农庄的篱笆上织起网来。

步骤二:依次提问(1)句子里有”谁“?(2)它在哪里?(3)它在干什么? 经过这三个问题,孩子们明白了:谁——蜘蛛;在哪里——农庄的篱笆上;干什么——织网。

步骤三:进一步提示,蜘蛛会织网,那如果换成”蜜蜂“呢?

有孩子答:蜜蜂可以采蜜。

我问:那蜜蜂会在哪里采蜜呢?

又有孩子答:蜜蜂会在花丛里采蜜。

我提示:除了在花丛里,还可以在哪里?

孩子立刻七嘴八舌:在花园里,在公园里,在树林里……

我肯定他们的答案,并适时表扬勤于思考的孩子们。

继续提示:蜘蛛可以抽出银闪闪的丝,”银闪闪“是个形容词,是形容什么的呢? 孩子答:银闪闪是形容”丝“的。银闪闪的丝。

我肯定:对,银闪闪这个词啊,让句子变得有亮光了,你们能不能帮助小蜜蜂也让它的句子变得有亮光或者有色彩、有味道呢?

孩子们答:蜜蜂在红艳艳的花丛里采蜜。蜜蜂在黄澄澄的花丛里采蜜…… 我肯定:你们真是善于思考的好孩子!

步骤四:将自己说的句子写下来,不会的字可以用拼音。

提示:如果不是蜜蜂,也不是蜘蛛,换成小朋友。你觉得一个星期天的下午,小朋友会在花园里干什么呢?

孩子们的思绪飞扬起来!(后面的训练都是遵循着前面的训练拓展开去的,我这里不再赘述。)

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多理解词语,多积累词语

阅读是写作的基础,除了号召学生多读课外书,再就是好好钻研教科书了。于永正老师撰文曾写道”阅读不但能加深对学过的词语的理解,而且能够获取表达(包括口头表达、书面表达,当然也包括造句)的素材。这就是多读书的孩子造句难不倒他的原因所在。作为教师,不可忽视对学生的这种功夫的训练,作为家长,也一定要注意从小处着眼,从根本入手,引导孩子在大量阅读的过程中,注意文本的遣词造句和精彩片段的积累,低年级孩子尤其要在对好的词语的积累上下功夫。一般来说的好词语,都是在造句中充当着华彩意义的词语,就像是一首好的曲子的高潮部分一样,缺少了好词的修饰,句子再长再含义丰富那也无异于一杯白开水一般毫无味道。

找到好的词语没有那么困难,实际上,就是读书时带着思考和一支笔就可以了。读句子时,发现哪个词语不理解,就翻开字典查一查,了解了那个词语的意思,随手写一遍,可以在书上做批注。【顺便说一下,让孩子养成动笔读书的习惯是非常棒的一种提升阅读和写作能力的方法,如果读书不带笔,就相当于燕子飞过,云彩飘过,风儿吹过一样,了然无痕。如果读书带着笔,圈圈画画的过程中,很多知识点也就谙熟于心了。】

例如沪教版小学语文第二册第24课《小蝌蚪找妈妈》一课时,有一个句子“小蝌蚪连忙追上去叫”,我抓住了“连忙”这个词,一是因为这两个字都是本课生字,需要重点学习,二是因为小蝌蚪找妈妈的过程到这里已经发展到第二个层次了,也就是说小蝌蚪找到鲤鱼妈妈发现它不是自己的妈妈时,再次看到一个大

概符合自己妈妈特征的乌龟出现时,心里时着急的,所以才用了“连忙”,而这个词的理解对于孩子对课文的理解是有帮助的,也可以扩大孩子的词汇量。因此,我就这个词的教学给大家一点拓展词语积累的建议。

步骤一:找到带有“连忙”这个词语的句子,孩子们用直线划出。

步骤二:提示“连忙”是什么意思?

学生答:就是很快的意思。

我问:很快,对,是很快。小蝌蚪找了鲤鱼妈妈,发现不是自己妈妈,这次看到乌龟了,他们心急地游过去。所以速度要快。连忙就是表示速度快动作快。那你看老师也是很快很着急地走(我示范从门外快速走上讲台),那你们觉得我这里的快速走上讲台的动作还能换成什么词?

学生答:赶快,赶忙,急忙……

我肯定:太好了,咱们班的娃娃都是词汇丰富的好娃娃!

我的感悟:实际上不是孩子们不知道词语,也不是不理解词语,而是家长们没有用上恰当的方法启发孩子把积累在脑海深处的词汇调去出来使用。家长要耐心启发,并于同时拓展孩子对同义词和反义词的积累,词语在具体的语言环境当中的理解是比单独的词对词的认识理解要容易得多的,所以,建议您平时在跟孩子在进行亲子阅读时,需要多提示孩子对某个词语的理解,并指导孩子换一个词再在具体的语言环境中去运用,那么我想这样日积月累的,就会这正的把书读“厚”了。

第2招:词语大串连

教学时,我常常把一些相关的词和标点进行结合,引导学生模仿文本进行说话和写话的训练。

例如教学沪教版小学语文第二册第25课《两只小狮子》时,我抓住“刻苦”这个词,结合句子中的四个动词以及顿号,展开了一次说话写话训练。家长不妨也在家庭中指导孩子从一个词开始,把那个词相关的内容说清楚,说具体。这样就能够积小流汇江河了!

步骤一:读熟这个句子“一只小狮子整天练习滚、扑、撕、咬,非常刻苦。

步骤二:这里的小狮子因为要成为真正的狮子而努力练习,那它会什么本领? 学生答:滚、扑、撕、咬。

我问:那小朋友们有啥本领吗?

一学生答:我会游泳、画画、写书法。

我肯定:嗯,本领真多。那你能像这个句子说的那样说说你的本领吗? 学生答:我会游泳、画画、写书法。

我问:那你学习了这些本领时,一定很努力,很刻苦,就像我们这篇课文里说的小狮子是一只用心练功的狮子。也可以用”用功“这个词描述哦!

学生点头,表示明白了。

我继续追问:那能不能也把自己的努力或者刻苦说清楚呢?

学生:我会游泳、画画、写书法,真用功!

家长在家中指导孩子写话和说话(造句)时,可以用几个相关的词语引导孩子造句。例如”湖水、倒映、高山“,这三个词都在一个语境中,就可以启发孩子写”一座高山的影子倒映在湖水中“,然后家长再进一步启发,湖水是什么颜色?(碧绿)湖水是什么样子?(平静),启发孩子把这些描绘湖水的词用进句子,那么这个句子就既完整又优美了:一座高山的影子倒映在碧绿的湖水中。

我觉得现在的孩子不缺乏感受和体验的机会,缺乏的是父母总是盲目地带着孩子东游西逛的,游历的过程中,没有做一个有心人,常常在口头上帮助孩子建立自己的语言体系。也就是每到一处,就引导孩子用自己已有的知识加上自己独特的感受,去描绘所见所感。实际上如果家长做个有心人,把孩子平时游历的过程除了用相机记录下来,还应当用笔记录下来。孩子爱写,就让孩子自己写,孩

篇二:如何造句

如何造句

语言的学习都是从汉字演变到词语,再从词语演变为造句,以造句作为基本单位而构成的语言;将多个词与字连接在一起组成起来的方式就叫做造句,小学生造句的方法较为简单,事实上只要从时间、地点、人物、事件出发就能完成简单的造句。下面小编就依照这四个方面分析一下如何造句:

首先,时间

时间的范围比较广泛,所表达的词性也有很多种;例如,“今天”、“明天”、“昨天”是名词;“现在”、“以后”、“将来”是副词;“某一天”、“某一年”是简单的表示时间的句子;以上小学生造句中常常会出现的就是以上三种;当然,把多个词语与表示时间的词语联系起来也可以用来表示时间,例如“宝宝出生的那一天”。

其次,地点

地点一般是名词,有时候也会是名词与动词或是其它词性的结合,例如“北京”、“上海”、“巴黎”、“英国”这些都是地点名词,是本来就存在的地点名词;而“家里”、“桌上”、“床下”这些就是不同词性的组合,也是表示地点的词语;除了这两种是小学生造句中常出现表示地点的词语外,还有一种是较长的表示方法,是多个词语的组成,例如,“法国巴黎埃菲尔铁塔上”,事实上它是由多个表示地点的词汇组成的一个更为详细、明确表示地点的句子。

再有,人物

人物的表示最常用的就是名词和代词;在小学生造句中常常会出现的主人公是可爱的小动物和一个叫小明的小男孩,事实上表示人物的方式和方法有很多,这就要根据想要表达的意思来描述,比如,想表达的人物是一个有血缘关系但不常见面的人,可以用“远房

1

亲戚”或是“大舅哥的二姨妈”来表示,当然不同的表达方法对句子造成的效果也就不同,所以要因地制宜的选择表达方式。

最后,事件

事件是简单的动词或是动名词组合,例如“游泳”、“吃饭”,或是“打篮球”、“踢足球”等;在小学生造句中事件的位置往往放在最后,作为构成句子的最后环节。

2

造句的好方法,怎样造句,小学生怎样造句?

句子是语言运用的基本单位,它由词或词组构成,能表达一个完整的意思,如告诉别人一件事,提出一个问题,表示要求或者制止,表示某种感慨。它的句尾应该用上句号、问号或感叹号。造句的方法一般有:

一、在理解词义基础上加以说明,如用“瞻仰”造句,可以这样造:“我站在广场上瞻仰革命烈士纪念碑。”因为“瞻仰”是怀着敬意抬头向上看。

二、如用形容词造句,可以对人物的动作、神态、事物的形状进行具体的描写。如用“鸦雀无声”造句:“教室里鸦雀无声,再也没有人说笑嬉闹,再也没有人随意走动,甚至连大气都不敢出了。”这就把“鸦雀无声”写具体了。

三、有的形容词造句可以用一对反义词或用褒义词、贬义词的组合来进行,能起到强烈的对比,起到较好的表达作用。如用“光荣”造句:“讲卫生是光荣的,不讲卫生是可耻的。”用“光荣”与“可耻”作对比,强调了讲卫生是一种美德。

四、如用比拟词造句,就可以借助联想、想象使句子生动。如用“仿佛”造句:“今天冷极了,风刮在脸上仿佛刀割一样。”

五、如果用关联词造句,必须注意词语的合理搭配,这就需要你在平时学习中,把关联词的几种类型分清并记住。

六、先把要造句的词扩展成词组,然后再把句子补充完整。如用“增添”造句,可以先把“增添”组成“增添设备”、“增添信心”或“增添力量”,然后再造句就方便多了。 最后应提醒小朋友的是造句要自己脑筋,不能抄书上现成句子

3

篇三:如何造句

造句

一、正确的句子

论文写作另一最基本的要素就是句子的正确性,这是因为它将直接影响论文 表达的清晰性和正确性。要做到正确书写句子,就需要对英语句子结构有非常清 辇的了解,下面将从英语基本句型和基本句型扩展两方面来阐述如何运用正确的 英语句式来表达思想。

1.英语基本句型

英语句子有长有短,有简有繁,可以说是千姿百态,令人眼花缭乱,以致于许多 学生在英文写作时常常感到无从下手。但无论句型看上去多么纷繁复杂,其实质 上都源于五个基本句型,sp:主+动十补(svcs);主+动(sv);i +动+宾 (SVO);主+动+宾+宾(SVOiOd);主+动+宾+补(SVOCo)。掌握好这五种基 本句型,领会其真谛与神韵,是掌握各种句子结构的基础。例如:

【例l】Themost important aspect of O. Hey?s writing was not in the general idea of his story, but in the vivid description of details of characters and events. (SVCs)[例2】The aim of translation is to reproduce as accurately as possible all grammatical and lexical features of theusource language” by finding equivalents in theutarget lan?guage' .(SVCs)【例 3】Obviously, no culture can exist without the structure of natural language. (SV)im 4]Oliver Twist opens with a bitter invective directed at the nineteenth-century93English Poor Laws. (SV)

【例 5】In Qing Dynasty, Yan Fu established a three-character standard in translation, i.e. “Faithfulness”,“Exprevssiveness” and “Elegance” as the criteria of translation.

(SVO)

【例 6】England in the 1830s was rapidly undergoing a transformation from an agricul?tural ,rural economy to an urban, industrial nation. (SVO)【例7】The newspaper shows the readers the March sisters? talent and interest in art. (SVOiOd)【例8】At other points, the ill-mannered, ridiculous behavior of Mrs. Bennet gives her a bad reputation with the more refined Darcys and Bingleys. (SVOiOd)【例 9】Dickens makes Oliver Twist a child hero of this melodramatic novel of social protest. (SVOCo)【例 10]Through both law and prescribed gender roles, Austen?s society leaves women few options for the advancement or betterment of their situations. (SVOCo)2.基本句型的扩展在

把握了上述的这五种基本句型基础之上,就可以对句子进行扩展,从而丰富 传达的信息、充实作者的思想。一般说来,句型的扩展主要是通过使用修饰词、短 语、从句以及并列句这四种途径来实现。

使用修饰词

因为这种方法主要是通过增加单个的形容词或副词来扩展句子,所以属于最 初级的扩展。例如:

【例l】At the most basic level, Jo?s speech serves as a significant marker of her un?conventionality.

【例2】In a word, many idioms bear strong national cultural flavors.

【例3】The translation of idioms is alxvays complicated and difficult.

【例4】0 Hey! s stories are all ingeniously conceived, with the ending always con?trary to readers? expectations.

使用短语

这种方法是通过使用形容词短语、副词短语、名词短语、介词短语以及非谓语 动词短语等来扩展丰富句子。这些短语在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状 语、补语、同位语等成分。例如:

【例 Admission to Columbia?s graduate programs is highly selective pretty much across the board.(名词短语作主语)【例 2】Recognizing where cultural differences are at work is the first step toward understanding and respecting each other.(动名词短语作主语)94【例3】“To sing a different turn ” is an English idiom which means to say or do something that signals a change in opinion because it contradicts what one has said or done before.(动词不定式短语作主语)【例4】0. Hey named his second collection“ The Four Million ”,which was about the life of ordinary people in New York City.(名词短语作宾语)【例 5】When Jane Austen was only about nineteen, she started working on “ Hy Susan”,an epistolary novel which was Janes first attempt at a serious theme.(动名 词短语作宾语)【例 6】Dickens?s family suffered financially as a result of living beyond their means, so his father was imprisoned in the Marshalsea prison for debtors.(动名词短语作介 词宾语)【例7】For a woman who wants to improve her status and get financial security, Mrs. Bennet has to marry a wealthy man.(动词不定式短语作宾语)【例 8】Della?s hair was her most cherished possession and her proudest treasure.(名词 短语作表语)【例9】

Her regret is having done so much for him and being abandoned by him .(动 名词短语作表语)【例10】The most important reason for educators to understand cross-cultural commu?nication is to improve their relations with the diverse groups of students and parents they -will encounter.(动词不定式短语作表语)

【例 ll】One of the simplest ways is through an analysis of the language of the ad- vertising claim .(介词短语作表语)【例 12】Dickens gradually grew disappointed with the attempts of Lawmakers to im- prove those conditions,(过去分词短语作表语)【例13] A person unmvare of advertising?s influence on him is precisely the one most vulnerable to the adman?s attack .(形容词性短语作后置定语)【例14】With her central characters, Austen suggests that true love is a force separat?ing from society and one that can conquer even the most difficult of circumstances. (现在分词短语作后置定语)【例15】Though young women of Jane Austen?s day had more freedom to choose their husbands than in the early eighteenth century, practical considerations continued to limit their options.(动词不定式短语作后置定语)【例 16] In Chinese high school, the pursuit of the best way to teach English has been always stressed.(介词短语作后置定语)【例 17】With the population of only two billion,the U. S. has a surprisingly large95number of books being published each year.(介词短语作伴随状语)【例18】 William Makepeace Thackeray,a representative of critical realism in the 19th century England,was born in 1811 in Calcutta,India , in the family of an English official.(介词短语作地点状语、时间状语)【例19】In order to achieve this purpose,they try every means to deceive and even to fight each other.(介词短语作目的状语)【例 20】Scarcely a single story among his three hundred stories fails to end in such away that the readers are not preparing for.(介词短语作方式状语)【例 21] Because of the limitation of time, we can?t go deep into the American fami?lies to see how many books they keep.(介词短语作原因状语)【例 22】Hearing that Joseph has not proposed Becky, Amelia soothes her friend by pressing her hand and telling her that Joseph will ask her to marry him at Vauxhall. (现在分词短语作时间状语)【例 23】Soapy was a tramp, having no shelter and food to keep him from cold and hunger.(现在分词短语作伴随状语)

【例 24】When the young people remain at home, George accompanies Amelia to listen to some music, thus leaving Becky and Joseph at the drawing-room table.(现在分 词短语作结果状语),【例 25]Needing a break,Louisa and her youngest sister May headed off to Europe in 1870,(现在分词短语作原因状语)

【例 26]Overcome with surprise,he was unable to utter a word.(过去分词短语作原 因状语)【例27】 Imbued with an inquiring imagination,an intensely meditative mind, and, unceasing interest in the “ interior of the heart” of man 5 being,Hawthorne?s life story was totally without the exciting of at least unusual events that characterized the lives of so many American writers.(过去分词短语作伴随状语)例28〗 Based on students' independent and

exploratory study,research learning re- quires that students choose and determine a subject matter from their daily and school life.(过去分词短语作伴随状语)【例 29】Louisa saw that her loving heart was needed by more than just her family, and she headed for Washington, D. C. in 1862 to serve as a Civil War Nurse.(动词 不定式短语作目的状语)【例 30】Intelligent and forthright, Darcy also has a tendency to judge too hastily and harshly,and his high birth and wealth make him overly proud and overly conscious of his social status.(形容词短语作宾语补足语)96【例 31】Leaving Amelia' s house, Becky comes into Sir Pitt?s family and finds herself in an atmosphere of avarice, hypocrisy and im morality.(介词短语作宾语补足语) 【例32]A

statesman can make his influence felt through his speech and action .(过去 分词短语作宾语补足语)【例 33】The company advertised for a doctor of philosophy to be the editor-in-chief. (动词不定式短语作宾语补足语)【例 34】01iver Twist is the novel?s protagonist, a sort of male Cinderella or princess disguised as a goose girl.(名词短语作同位语)【例 35]Pride and Prejudice contains one of the most cherished love stories in English literature: the courtship between Darcy and Elizabeth ?(名词短语作同位语)(3)使用从句这种方法主要是通过使用名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句来扩展 句子。

所谓名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,相当于名 词,在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。引导名词性从句的关联词包括:连接 词 that,whether,if;关系代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,wh-ever;关系副词 when,where,how,why 等。例如:

【例l】It is well known that both Chitme and English are abundant in idioms and are becoming heavily idiomatic.(主语从句)【例2】 What men are putting on their bodies, however, is nothing compared with what they?re doing to their bodies.(主语从句)【例 3】Hawthorne believed that “ the vurong doing of one generation lives into the suc?cess! x^e ones,” and often wondered if he might have inherited some of their guilt ?(宾 语从句)【例4】We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.(宾语从句)【例 5】Nowadays,educated people have become much more flexible and tolerant about what is considered to be correct or acceptable.(宾语从句)

【例 6】The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.(表语从句)【例 7】The philosophy was that the miserable conditions would prevent able-bodied paupers from being lazy and idle bums.(表语从句)【例 8】In the whole novel, Dickens uses Oliver~a poor orphan to challenge the Victo- rian idea that paupers and criminals are already evil at birth,he insist that the cor- rupt environment should be the source of vice.(同位语从句)97【例 9】Victorian society interpreted economic success as a sign that God favored the honest,moral virtue of the successful individual?s efforts.(同位语从

句)【例 10】On February 2nd, 1972,when Primer Zhou toasted to American President Nixon,he said: “Due to the reason that is known to all, it has been more than 20 years before our two countries begin to communicate again.,,(同位语从句)【例 ll】Through describing Bennet,s five unmarried daughters,different ways to treat marriage, Jane Austen intends to show her attitude towards marriage: it is wrong for people to marry for possessions and status,or without careful consideration .(同位语从句)形容词性从句相当于形容词,在句子中充当定语,其修饰限定作用可分为限定 和非限定两种。形容词性从句的引导词主要包括:关系代词who,whom,which, that,whose;关系副词 when,where,why, as 等。例如:

【例 12】The assumptions upon which the workhouses -were established was that moral virtue lay in work, that work led necessarily to success, and that economic failure was the consequence of laziness.(限定性定语从句)【例 13】Continuum refers to those concepts whose extension meaning is vague be- txveen right and wrong.(限定性定语从句)【例14] In a society inhere there was no clear distinction between right and wrong, hopeless people like Soapy had to give up the more decent life and tumbled into the horrible pit.(限定性定语从句)【例 15】Looking up at the delight moon in the sky, listening to the solemn tune, he remembered the days when he had mothers,roses, ambitions ,friends and clean thought.(限定性定语从句)【例 16】If a boy enjoys sewing, I see no reason vuhy he should be barred from needles and thread ?(限定性定语从句)【例 17】Exploring the ways in which various groups within our society have related to each other is key to opening channels for

cross-cultural communication.(限定ft定 语从句)【例 18】In the city, he saw so grand a National Day celebration as he never dreamt o/.(限定性定语从句)

【例 19】Translation is considered to be a cross-cultural communication event, which concerns not only the transfer between languages,but also the transfer between cut-tures.(非限定性定语从句)【例 20】Research learning is

essentially carried out in the form of an individual or a group, through which students gain experience through hands-on involvement,de-98velop a right attitude towards scientific study and improve their ability to solve some daily matters.(非限定性定语从句)【例 21】Last December a man named Robert Lee Willie, who had been convicted of raping and murdering an 18-year-old woman , was executed in the Louisiana state prison.(非限定性定语从句)【例 22】We walked, hand in hand, to his favorite place in the front yard, where a huge red rosebush sat conspicuously alone ?(非限定性定语从句)【例23】AIDS was first conclusively identified in the United States in 1981,when 189 cases were reported to the Centers for Disease Control.(非限定性定语从句)【例 24\As is put in Longman Active Study English-Chinese Dictionary, language is “the particular form of words and speech used by the people of


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