篇一：英语国际音标讲座
英语国际音标讲座
演讲人：Alexis Albion（美国普林斯顿大学）
艾学东（中山大学）
序：今天我们很高兴为大家讲解国际音标和英语音位的发音。语音的最小单位是音位，各种语言的音位数目各不相同。通常认为英语一共有44个音位，要掌握英语语音，首先要学位这44个音位的发音。在连贯语句中，音位的发音受重音、节奏、语调的影响而发生变化。因此，在学会单个音位发音后，还必须掌握它们在连贯语句中的正确发音。音位分为元音和辅音两类，所谓元音，是指发音时声带振动，气流通过口腔不受阻碍的音，英语共有20个元音；而不论声带是否振动，气流通过口腔受到阻碍的音位是辅音，英语共有24个辅音。
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1、元音分为单元音和双元音
单元音根据发音时舌面隆起部位位置的前后前元音、中元音和后元音，根据发音的长短分为长元音和短元音。
单元音（12个）： 前元音：4个 后元音：5个 中元音：3个 双元音（8个）
2、辅音（24个）：根据不同的发音方法，可以分为
爆破音：6个 摩擦音：10个 破擦音：2个 鼻辅音：3个
2
舌边音：1个 半元音：2个 附：英语48个音位表
发音时声带不振动的辅音是清辅音，声带振动的是浊辅音。要学好语音，除了用心模仿以外，还必须了解发音的原理。语音是从肺部呼出的气
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流，经过发音器官的调节而形成的，下面就让我们来看一看发音器官图（02:30）。
鼻腔
上唇
口腔
下唇
下齿 咽腔 气管
小舌
软腭 硬腭 上齿龈舌端舌前部 舌后部
声带位置 喉头
4
第一单元前元音(03:10)
1、/i:/：前元音，长元音，发音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高，双唇呈扁平形，发音练习03:30
three weeks,green tea,team leaders. Seeing is believing.(眼见为实) Jean is as busy as a bee.
2、/i/：前元音，短元音，发音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，唇呈扁平，牙床开的比/i:/宽，齿间可容下一个小指尖，发音练习04:17
a big ship,bit by bit,little by little.
A little learning is a dangerous thing.(一知半解，
5
篇二：48个英语国际音标讲解图及基本语音常识(大全)
英语48个 国际音标表
英语音标及字母组合对照
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）
three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me
piecereceive ceiling
2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u a
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss
myth many twenty happy dictionary
defect decide delicious
3) [ ? ] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall
4) [e] 字母组合 eae a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbeddeskhotel yes many any
5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear eror
girl shirtskirt thirty thirteen thirdbird
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursday burger
learnearn earth heard
termher nerd serve
work worm work world
6) [ε] 字母组合 er orou ar o aeu
teacherleader remember player speaker farmer powder
doctoractor mayor author tractor
deliciousgraciouspleasure
familiarcollar dollar
together tomorrow todayshalloplesson Washington controlpoliteman
around account ago elephantmanta banana Canada Japan china men listen
famulus Saturday
7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden
fast class last glass plant aunt calm
8) [ ? ] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun huntcupbus
come mother dose brother love above
troublerough flourish
blood flood
9) [?: ]字母组合 al orau our ar
small wall talk tall hall ball callwalk
short more lord horse for forty sportdoor floor store
author caughtautumn
fourmourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter
10) [ ? ] ([?])发音字母 o a ou
hot lost lot fox boxmop hop loss collar not
want washwatch
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth
shoe do two
true truthbluefullprude
12) [u] 字母组合 ooou u o
lookgoodfoot book wood
shouldcould
put fullbull pull push
womanwolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay eaai ey
name cake late gate planeApril
play say may way
great break
rainpaint plain
they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 iy
bike fine find die ninelight nighthigh my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground account count sound flower down now cow how town
16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghostknow low belowgrow blow show flow boatcoatgoal
17) [ ?? ] 字母组合oyoi
boy toy joy
oilsoil voice choice
18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear
beer deer
earnear
here fierce idea
19) [ ?? ] ([e?])字母组合ear air ere
pear bear
chair air fair
there where
care
20) [uε] [au?]字母组合our ower
hourtour
flower shower
loud around mouse
篇三：48个英语国际音标讲解图及基本语音常识(大全)
英语48个国际音标表
元音（20个）
长元音 /ɑ:/ 短元音 / ?/ /?:/ /?/ / ?:/ /?/ /i:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ /e?/ /a?/ /??/双元音 /??/
/e?/ /??/
/??/ /a?/辅音（28个）
轻辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ 轻辅音 /?/ / h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/浊辅音 /?/ / r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/
半元音 / j/ / w/
边音
/ ?/
英语音标及字母组合对照
1.元音:
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i） three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean he she me
piecereceive ceiling
2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u a
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [ ? ] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back shall man
4) [e] 字母组合 eae a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）
please glad flag
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbeddeskhotel yes many any
5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear eror
girl shirtskirt thirty thirteen thirdbird
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursday burger learnearn earth heard termher nerd serve work worm work world
6) [ε] 字母组合 er orou ar o aeu
teacherleader remember player speaker farmer powder doctoractor mayor author tractor deliciousgraciouspleasure familiarcollar dollar
together tomorrow todayshalloplesson Washington control around account ago elephantmanta banana Canada Japan men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden
fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [ ? ] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun huntcupbus come mother dose brother love abovetroublerough flourish blood flood
9) [?: ]字母组合 al orau our ar
small wall talk tall hall ball callwalk
short more lord horse for forty sportdoor floor store
politechina
author caughtautumn fourmourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter 10) [ ? ] ([?])发音字母 o a ou
hot lost lot fox boxmop hop loss collar not want washwatch 11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two
true truthbluefullprude 12) [u] 字母组合 ooou u o lookgoodfoot book wood shouldcould
put fullbull pull push womanwolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay eaai eyname cake late gate planeApril play say may way great break rainpaint plain they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 iy
bike fine find die ninelight nighthigh my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground account count sound loud flower down now cow how town 16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghostknow low belowgrow blow show flow
around mouse
boatcoatgoal 17) [ ?? ] 字母组合oyoi boy toy joyoilsoil voice choice 18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear beer deerearnearhere fierce idea
19) [ ?? ] ([e?])字母组合ear air ere pear bearchair air fairthere where care
20) [uε] [au?]字母组合our ower hourtour flower shower
英语国际音标对照表
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