篇一：高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解
虚拟语气
一、考点聚焦
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。如：
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/
could might + 动词原形。如；
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)
有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。如： Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句
（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如：
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：
She suggested we (should)leave here at once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：
It is pity that you can’t swim.
3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用
（1）虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：
He did it as if he were an expert.
Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如：
It’s time that I picked up my daughter.
It’s high time we were going.
（3）虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如：
If only I were a bird.
If only I had taken his advice.
（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to close the door?
②用于一些习惯表达法中。如：
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______. (NMET 95)
A.breaks B.has broken C.were brokenD.had been broken
解析：答案为C。本题考查的是as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分
陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用were broken。
2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met my brother.(NMET94)
A.has comeB.did comeC.cameD.had come
解析：答案为D。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。
3. —If he ___________, he ________that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(NMET 93)
A.was warned; would not take
B.had been warned; would not have taken
C.would be warned; had not taken
D.would have been warned; had not taken
解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。
虚拟语气
1．I enjoyed the movie very much．the book from which it was made．
A．have read B．had read C．should have read D．am reading
2．You are late．．
A．came；Would meetB．had come；Would have met
C．come；Will meet D．had come；would meet
3．I can’t stand him．everything·
A．knew B．knows C．has know D．had known
4．．
A．will take B．would take C．take D．took
5．us a helping hand．
A．have not given B．would not give C．had not given D．did not give
6．．
A．has B．have C．hadD．will have
7．He was busy yesterday，．
A．would come B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
8．If there were no subjunctive mood，．
A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
9．the fog，we should have reached our schoo1．
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
10．—What will you do during winter vacation?
—I don’t know，but it’s about timesomething·
A．I decided B．I’ll decide C．I’d decided D．I’m deciding
11．He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，to your birthday party．
A．would come B．came C．would have come D．should come
12．．
A．should be B．had been C．have been D．were
13．Look! What you’ve done!Youhave been more careful．
A．should B．may C．oughtD．would
14．Without electricity， A．will the world be like B．would the world be like
C．the world will be like D．the World Would be like
15．With your ability，out the puzzle within a few minutes．
A． could have worked B．need have worked
B． C．ought have worked D．must have worked
16．to hospital as soon as possible．
A．is taken B．must be taken C．be taken D．has to be taken
17．If we had not missed the bus，．
A．would have had B．would have C．must be having D．would be having
18．here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today．
A．Had he been B．If he were C．Were he D．Should be he
19．His tired face suggested that really tired after the 1ong walk．
A．had been B．was C．be D．should be
20．the problem in a different way the other day?
A．should come B．should have solved C．have solved D．solved
21．0ur chairman hasn’t come yet．on time，we would have to put off the meeting．
A．should come B．would come C．shouldn’t come D．doesn’t come
22．．
A．was；be allowed B．was；must be allowed
C．should be；must be allowedD．should be；be allowed
23．He did his best in everything；he would not have been what he was．
A．and B．butC．otherwiseD．but that
24．．
A．hopeB．wish C．expectD．think
25．．
A．comeB．came C．shouldD．has come
26．．
A．obeys B．obey C．will obeyD．Would obey
27．her if I thought she would understand．
A．would tell B．will tell C．Would have to1d D．told
28．．
A．1earnB．to learn C．must learnD．1earning
29．—．
—Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y．
A．Was warmed；would not take B．had been warmed；wou1d not have taken
C．would be warmed；had not taken D．would have been warmed；had not taken
30．quite different today．
A．isB．will beC．would have beenD．Would be
虚拟语气
l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA 16-20 CDABBD 21-25 CACBB 26-30 BCBBD
虚拟语气强化训练
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.
A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be
2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been
C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been
3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should callB. should not have been able
C. were not ableD. are not able
4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.
A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get
5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leaveB. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were
7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____________our chairman now.
A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be
8. ____________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for
9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your advice
A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed
10. If the horse won today, it _____________ thirty races in five years.
A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have won
11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.
A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been
12. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d______________ there by now.
A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
13. I wish I ___________ with her.
A. would be B. am C. was D. were
14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_______________ to it.
A. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go D. can not have gone
15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, ____________________ .
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself
16. The teacher suggested that her students _____________ experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his
17. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______________a Chinese.
A. were B. had been C. is D. has been
18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______________ away for ages.
A. has been B. was C. is D. had been
19. Most insurance agents would rather you ___________ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
A. do B. don’t C. didn’t D. didn’t do
20. It is important that the TOEFL office ________ your registration.
A. will confirm B. confirm C. confirms D. must confirm
21. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology __________.
A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved
C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved
篇二：高考英语虚拟语气讲解和练习
中小学1对1课外辅导专家
龙文教育学科导学案
教师: 学生: 日期: 星期: 时段:
篇三：虚拟语气用法详解
虚拟语气用法详解
一、 条件句中的虚拟语气
1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式
条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发
生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：
If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气)
If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气)
非真实条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
注：几点特别说明
① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是：wo
uld表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：
If you tried again you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结
果)
If you tried again you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可
能)
If you tried again you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)
② 条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口
语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在 If I were you这样
的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。
③ 有时条件从句用would表示愿意：
If he would live on with me, I would be his better half. 要是他还愿意跟我过，我仍
会做他的妻子。
④ 对于与将来事实相反的情形，请注意以下几点：一是这里说的与将来事实相反，实为对将来情况的推测；二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外，有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小，常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设)；三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时，主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气或祈使语气：
If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。
I should see him, I’ll tell him. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。
2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例
(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题
(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用 was 代替 were。但在倒装虚拟结构及 if I were you, as it were 中，只能用 were。如：
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。
(2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如： If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。
(3) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, should, had等词置于句首。如：
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了(from )。
(4) 有时，句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件，而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断。如： I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本该来看你了，然而我太忙了。 But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
(5) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。
二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气
1. 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气
(1) 在 for fear that, in case, lest 引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： should + 动词原形。并且 should 不能省略
She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。
(2) 在 so that, in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。如(from )：
He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚。
He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。
2. 让步状语从句中的虚拟语气
(1) 在 even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与 if 所引导的条件从句结构相同。如：
Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。
Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使华佗在世也救不了他。
(2) 在whatever, whichever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为：
① may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。如：
We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen. 不管发生什么事，我们都要按时完成。
We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他。
I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他来的多么晚，我都会等他。
② may +完成式(指过去) ，主句结构不限。如：
You mustn’t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多么大的进步，你也不能骄傲(from )。
We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made. 不管他翻过什么错误，我们必须尊敬他。
(3) 在though, although等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为 should +动词原形，主句结构不限。如：
Although / Though he should often be late, he is a good student. 尽管他经常迟到，他还是个好学生。
Although / Though he should be secretary, he must obey the rules. 尽管他是书记，他也必须遵守规定。
3. 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气
例如：
They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。
He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。4. 原因状语从句中的虚拟语气
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